Google Scholar – an unlimited database of state and federal case law, which is searchable by keyword, phrase, or citations. Google Scholar also allows searchers to specify which level of court cases to search, from federal, to specific states.

It is usually important to note that granting of seniority to the civil servant without the actual duration of service almost violates your complete service structure to be a civil servant inducted in Grade seventeen by claiming this kind of benefit without any experience be directly posted in any higher grade, which is neither the intention of your regulation nor of the equity. Read more

fourteen. While in the light of the position explained previously mentioned, it's concluded that a civil servant contains a fundamental right for being promoted even after his retirement by awarding proforma promotion; provided, his right of promotion accrued during his service but could not be considered for no fault of his possess and meanwhile he retired on attaining the age of superannuation without any shortcoming on his part about deficiency in the duration of service or in the form of inquiry and departmental action was so taken against his right of promotion. Bench: Hon'ble Mr. Justice Muhammad Karim Khan Agha, Hon'ble Mr. Justice Adnan-ul-Karim Memon(Creator) Source: Order: Downloads 433 Order Date: 24-JAN-twenty five Approved for Reporting WhatsApp

Commonly, the burden rests with litigants to appeal rulings (which includes These in clear violation of founded case legislation) into the higher courts. If a judge acts against precedent, and also the case is not appealed, the decision will stand.

184 . Const. P. 469/2022 (D.B.) Zain Ahmed V/S The I.G of Police and Others Sindh High Court, Karachi In the instant case, the guidelines as set forth would not apply, as the criminal Court hasn't convicted the petitioner, relatively he has actually been acquitted from the criminal charges based on evidence and it can be properly-settled law that once the civil servant is acquitted during the criminal case, then on this extremely charge he cannot be awarded in almost any punishment from the department and held him disqualified to the post because acquittal for all potential purposes. The aforesaid proposition is set at naught via the Supreme Court of Pakistan inside the case with the District Police Officer Mainwali and a couple of others v.

These past decisions are called "case law", or precedent. Stare decisis—a Latin phrase meaning "let the decision stand"—may be the principle by which judges are bound to these past decisions, drawing on founded judicial authority to formulate their positions.

From the United States, courts exist on both the federal and state levels. The United States Supreme Court is definitely the highest court from the United States. Decreased courts over the federal level include the U.S. Courts of Appeals, U.S. District Courts, the U.S. Court of Claims, and the U.S. Court of International Trade and U.S. Bankruptcy Courts. Federal courts listen to cases involving matters related into the United States Constitution, other federal laws and regulations, and certain matters that contain parties from different states or countries and large sums of money in dispute. Each individual state has its individual judicial system that incorporates trial and appellate courts. The highest court in Every single state is usually referred to as the “supreme” court, Whilst there are a few exceptions to this rule, for example, the New York Court of Appeals or perhaps the Maryland Court of Appeals. State courts generally listen to cases involving state constitutional matters, state regulation and regulations, Despite the fact that state courts could also generally listen to cases involving federal laws.

Amir Abdul Majid, 2021 SCMR 420. twelve. There isn't any denial from the fact that in Government service it is expected that the persons acquiring their character over board, free from any moral stigma, are to generally be inducted. Verification of character and antecedents is usually a condition precedent for appointment to your Government service. The candidates must have good character and provide two recent character certificates from unrelated individuals. What is discernible from the above mentioned is that the only impediment to being appointed to some Government service is definitely the conviction on an offense involving moral turpitude but involvement, which does not culminate into a proof by conviction, cannot be a means out or guise to accomplish absent with the candidature in the petitioner. Read more

Only the written opinions in the Supreme Court and also the Court of Appeals are routinely readily available. Decisions with the decrease (trial) courts aren't generally published or distributed.

Matter:-PROTECTION Hon'ble Mr. Justice Adnan-ul-Karim Memon(Writer) Const. P. 114/2025 (S.B.) Mst. Zoya and another V/S The Province of Sindh and others Sindh High Court, Karachi SHC Citation: SHC-251830 Tag:Additionally, the main objectives from the police would be to apprehend offenders, investigate crimes, and prosecute them before the Courts, also to prevent the commission of crime, and higher than all, assure legislation and order to protect citizens' lives and property. The law enjoins the police to generally be scrupulously fair towards website the offender and also the Magistracy is to be sure a fair investigation and fair trial for an offender. Unfortunately, these objectives have remained unfulfilled. Deviations of police officers and police excesses in dealing with the law and order situation have been the topic of adverse comments from this Court together with from other Courts, However they have failed to have any corrective effect on it.

Under Article 199, the court possesses the authority to review government policies for reasonableness if applicable in respondent university and to safeguard aggrieved parties' rights. For that reason, this petition is admissible based on proven court precedents, and also the respondents' objections are overruled. Read more

If granted absolute immunity, the parties would not only be protected from liability during the matter, but could not be answerable in almost any way for their actions. When the court delayed making such a ruling, the defendants took their request to your appellate court.

Previous four tax years interpreted. It isn't from the date of finalisation of audit but from the tax year involved. Read more

States also usually have courts that handle only a specific subset of legal matters, which include family legislation and probate. Case law, also known as precedent or common law, is the body of prior judicial decisions that guide judges deciding issues before them. Depending on the relationship between the deciding court plus the precedent, case legislation might be binding or merely persuasive. For example, a decision with the U.S. Court of Appeals for your Fifth Circuit is binding on all federal district courts within the Fifth Circuit, but a court sitting in California (whether a federal or state court) is not really strictly bound to Keep to the Fifth Circuit’s prior decision. Similarly, a decision by one particular district court in Ny isn't binding on another district court, but the original court’s reasoning may help guide the second court in reaching its decision. Decisions because of the U.S. Supreme Court are binding on all federal and state courts. Read more